Telegraphic printing apparatus.



M. B. RODRIGUEZ.

TELEGRAPHIC PRiNTlNG APPARATUS.

APPUCATION FILED MAR. 20, I916.

1,275,474. Patented Aw. 13, 191& FIG. 1.

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M. B. RQDBIGUEZ.

TELEGRAPHIC PRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20. 916.

1 75,474 Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

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H e Be w .it known {that I, :MA IA's; BALsEnA R D I U Z, a su jec he King 1 p residing at Brunswick Square, .London, Q; England,v haveginvented a certain newand useful Telegraphic Printing Apparam o t i h the. l low ge s a sp c ficatiOIn-Q. A 1'... V

-'-T i e t n re ates. to eleg ph e1 paratus by which transn litted, messages are recorded by printing mechanism incorp0- rated in the. receiving; apparatus and; has for e bjec p ovi e an pr v a p atus which is simple in design, vinexpensive e inal u a u .an ifi sn epera toll- According to the invention an apparatus is provided inwhich the'oscillatiomof a single lever under the control of an electron n s e eff c h P n im i s i on; to eflect the. forward andiintermittent reader, the {material upon which the impression is, made and also "to effect the discharge lof' the line 'conductorlafter the tra sinission of -.e ach message, sign or, letter. z A ord iig J e the i te on; a so, e fi bv il f t e pe a lever efie an impression is Inadeunder the action,

uniform and continuously applied force which, injhe operativeposition f the lever,

is overcome the control nagnet,

. "The apparatus has a type wheel which ti'onZofgthe' pressure with which theimpres 'jonstantly mater and aceording to the in- Janeen, thereturn movement or rebound: of t i iiP' SS QmQ IiQl? i' ni t typ -Wh i f i' afiii p s' iha's be ifle ie is ifed: continuously applied force of'adj-ustable value which serves also for the regulasioiii member 'isfprojected against the type wheel forthe impres ion; I

IM a i are ipmv' d whe ebyan mpr asnni o t l te r S t a sm ted, i effected simultaneously at; V the transmitting and receiving stat ions, notwithstanding the retardation due' to el'ctrostat'ic charging and the selt i'nduction 'of the line, so that verification and correction may he J readily v l effected v chateau?izjateatype wheels for" the transmitting and ireceiv'ing app aratuspwhich ite ind pe den e o b t e e he Shecifieation of iletters ratent.

I been"proposed;' V

V nizing mechanisnn oncein ever revolution. 'While the p'rinci-,

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ple of operation of the. mechanism pro vided 'forthis purpose is notlnovel, the application .to automatic-synchronization' has not before A particular construction of theap paratus accordingtothe invention, together with. tllei electrical circuits therefor, is represented in-the acco'mp lngs n which: v a Figure" l is a transverse se'ctional ele'vation'of the apparatus, taken along the typewheel shaf which also carries 1 the selector arm; and showing the synchronizing mechanism which is advantageously provided on at least one of-the'two'apparatus' employed in connection with the lineconductor;

,:Fig.-2 is a-viewin elevation of the distributer which" coopera'tes with the I selector zarmaan d showing thevconstruction of distributer employed'in, the case' ofthe appa- .ratus whence the synchronizing current: is directed; 7

., K Fig; 2 3; is Jan elevation of the apparatus showlng the lever hy'which ,the operations of the: apparatus are effected, the electromagnet; by which it is ontrolled and the typ -W el; and, v I I gEig isa diagram ofthe'cOniiectiOns of anyingdiagrammatic-draw the apparatusprovided With-thesynchrm ;-;In thegapparatus ,providedaccording' to the inventionand illustrated in the drawtings front and; rearframe members, 7 and 5 re p t y -ga ei-p v ded and a a yp wheel shaft? is 'carriedflin'suitable bearings eXtremities 6 and 4 extending outwardly fromthe respectiveframe plates A drivling meinber 1, receiving motionfrom asuitable primeimover giving. a uniform rate of formedinithe said frame members withits speed, isfloosely mounted Eupon the shaftQ adjacent a collar orifia nge rigidly mounted upon 'theifsha'ft, againsewhi h collar or flange fl itis pressed byuneans' of a spring 3 so that t it? becomes friQtionally engaged iv'lththe shaft for the jpiirpose of impart,-

ji'ng inotion thereto unlessresistanceis inrposed' upon the shaft. The driving me nber receiving and transmittingyrotarymo} ,tion from a prime mover, such as an electric motor, may convenientlyhe'a worm; wheel,

ates with the selectorarm 8 carried by theextremity 4 of the shaft 2. Upon the oppo,-

site extremity 6 of the shaftQ there is" mounted the type-Wheel 14. Thus the type f wheel and the selector arm are in fixed relation one to the other andmove together.

In addition to the elements before referred to,'the shaft2 of one .of the apparatus 1S provided, at a position between the frame members with,a rigidly mounted arm 10 adapted to contact with ;the free endof an arm 11 pivotally mounted uponthe-frame member 7 and acting as an armature to an .electro-magnet 13., Such elements comprise the synchronizing mechanism, the purpose and operationv of which Will.be hereinafter described.

The distributer, 9, Figs. 2 and 4:, of each apparatus comprises four annular contact heads, the outer ofrwhich for each distributer consists of a series of contact blocks 15, insulated from each other and corresponding in number to the number of letters or signs provided upon the type wheel, for instance, twenty-eight, and eachbeing connected by a lead with a transmitting key 29. The second'contact head comprises a similar series ofcontact blocks 16, but-narrower'in width than the contact blocks 15-. The corresponding blocks 15 and 16 are connected by flexible connecting leads. The third contact head comprises a series of contact blocks 17 identical with the'blocks 16 of the second contact head but electrically con nected together, for example, by integral formation with an interrupted annular member after the manner of the teeth ofa comb. The fourth contacthead 28 is a complete metal ring. The construction of the distributer as hereinbeforedescribed is the same for each apparatus. For thepurpose of effecting the synchronizing operation, however, each distributer has certain additional elements which are different. The distributor of the apparatus whence the current effecting the synchronizing operation originates has included in the first contact head two additional insulated metallic blocks 23, Hand a block of insulating ma terial 24 The block 23is in communication with the arm 25 of a two way switch, which has one contact stop 26 in connection with a source of electricalipotential of suitable sign and the other contact stop 27 connected to earth. The block 2 1 is connected with a sourceof electrical potential of opposite sign to that with which the'stop 26 is connected.

The distributer of the apparatus provided with the'synchronizing mechanism has in- Y Theselector arm 8 of each apparatus carries at its outer extremity a conducting brush :18: in such a position that in the revolution of the arm it contacts with the blocks 15 of the first contacthead and the blocks 24L and 23 in the one distributer and the block 57 in the other di'stribilter. The brush 18 is in electrical "conducting connection with the axial point of the arm; for this purpose the-arm is advantageously formed of metal. The selector armalso carries, by means of a bridge member 20, three brushes 19, 21, and 22 adapted to contact respectively with-the second, third and fourthcontact 1 heads; and in'the case of the brush21,'the block 58 of "the .one;di'stributer.' These threebrushes are in electricalpommunication through the bridge '20 which-is insulated from the selector arm by 'theinsula tion 20 The lever 31, Fig. 3, by whose oscillations the several operations of the apparatus are effected, is pivotally mounted at 32- on the outer face of the frame member 7 in a position below the type wheel 14, over which is mounted and in contact therewith the inking roller 30. At'its free end the lever 31 is formed as an'escapement forkor double pawl 33' for engagement withja ratchet wheel 34:. securedto the spindlelof a roller '35 over which passes thestrip' 36 of paper or other material upon which the a printing is ,to' ,be

effected. The strip is maint ained in the necessary frictional contact with the roller by a resilientarrn orpresser 37. A bracket member- 38 is mounted'upon the lever 31 at a position adjacent thepivotal, point 32 and has pivoted it a, second.butfsmallerlever 39' carrying at itsnfree 'end an, impression roller 40-. over which; the strip. material passes. The lever 39 is capable ofan oscillation limitedron the one handby the lever 31 and on the other hand. by a stop 41 mounted on the lever 31. It is, however,

maintained normally! in thelower position by the action of a spring 42exerting a slight pressure upon, it which may be regulated by an ad i 1st1ngscrew 43. A polarized electromagnet 52,13. mountedb eloiv the lever ,31

which acts asanarrnatureand is normally maintained in contact with the core of the electro-magnet in opposition. to the action of a spring 53* tendingfto draw it upwardly against a stop 53 mounted vorrtlre framet7. Thelever 31 carries atfits pivot ,threaspring contact arms44, 47 and 49,'thearms 47 and '49 being insulated. The arm 44 according 'to' its position makes contact with one or other of two contact screws 45 and 46. Simi larly, thearm 47= contacts either with a conmace screw or stop 48 or with the contact screw 48 and the arm 49 either withthe contact'screw 50 'or the contact screw 51. When the lever 31 rests upon the core of the electromagnet 52, the arm 44contacts with the screw 45, the arm 47 with the screw 48 and the arm 49 with the screw'50, while when the lever 31 rests against the stop 53, the arm 44 contacts with the screw-46, the arm '47 with thescrew 48 andthe arm 49 with thescrew 51, I

Theoperation of this mechanism is as follows :The type wheel 14 being rotated at a uniform speed by the prime mover," the moment the'type to be impressed arrives opposite the impression cylinder 40 the electro-magn'et 52 is caused to relax its attraction upon the lever 31 which flies upward into contact with the stop 53 under "the influence of the spring acting upon it.

Thismovement of the lever 31 serves instantly to throw the 'lever' 39 upward to bring the strip material upon-the i1npres sion cylinder 40 into contact with tlie type. This contact is instantaneous, the lever 39 at once returning to its; normal position under the action of the spring 42, so that though the type wheel 14 is not arrested for the impression; a clear impression is secured. Immediately the impression has been eflected the electro -magnet '52 "is caused again to attract the'lever 31 to the initial position, by which movement the 'escapement fork 33 rotates thewheel 34 "through one tooth, feeding. the strip mate- 40 rial forward the necessary distance to permit a fresh impression to be made. The necessity for synchronizing the instruments at the tWo ends of the line will "be appreciated whenit' is remembered that the two typewhe'els are rotated'by inde-- pendent and constantly running prime. "movers Should the speeds at which the "two typewheels are"rotated differ in the 'least degree, the accurate. transmission of messages would become impossibleafter a short time. It'is the purpose of the syn chronizing. mechanism tolmee't this diffi cult y, by automatically arresting the movement of one ofthe type wheel mechanisms at acertain pointin the rotation when'want of s'yn'chronism exists and retaining the mech anism arrested until the two. type wheels are in synchronism'. This canbe efiected as often as once in every rotation of the type wheels,'shouldjthe conditions be such as to requirethis. So long as synchronism exists, however, the synchronizing mechanism acts in suchmanner as to offer nog'obstruc- 'ti'on, to the free movement'of thetype wheel mechanism.

- The electrical connections and'devices frequiredfor the-transmission andreception of 7 messages by means of the apparatus are described with special referenceto Fig; 4 as follows:

Each transmittinghey 29- is :cOnn'ected with a block 15 ofthe'first contact head of the distributer. Each-key is provided with an arm 54 operating between-two contacts 55. and 56 The arm 54 'isnorn'ially'in contact with the contact 55; The contact 56 Qis connected with "a :sourjce o'f positivepotential. The axial point of theselector arm 8 is connected to the contact screw 45: As shown in Fig. 4, however, this line includes a two way switch 60 under the control of an electro-magnet 62, being connected to the :contact 59 The other contact 63 of the switch 60 is connected to a hand-operated two-way switch 65- adapted to connect the line either to earth or with a source of negative potential. The switches 60 and 65 are notv necessary to the transmission-and reception of messages but are requlred in the case of the apparatus provided with the synchronizing mechanism as will hereinafter be explained. The contact screw 46 is connected to a hand-operated two-way switch 53"operating in connection'with contacts 54 connected to earth, and 55 connected witha source of negative potential. This switch is required for dischargingtheline quickly. Where the line is of short length it sufiices forit 'to' be 'earthed' but in the-case where it is of extensive length it is'advan- 'tageous to employ the source'of negative po- The third contact head is connected to the contact screw 50 while the contactscrew 51 is connected with asource'of negative poten- I tial. The arm 49 of the lever 31 is connected to one terminal of the coil'of thefelec tro-magnet 52, the other terminal of which is connected to earth. In order to avoid 's'parkingon the breaking of the circuit of the electrdmagnet 52, the coil is advantageously short -circu'ited through a condenser80. 7

In addition to the foregoing" connections, for the reception of messages the following connections are also made I The contact 55 of the transmitter key 'arm 54 is connected with the coil' 56 of a polarized relay and thence to a contact 57 of a two-way switch 58 funder the control'of the electro magnet 62 and" through j the switch to earth. A; dead contact 64 is rovided for the switch 58 'when not attracted by the electro-magi iet 6 2. The armature switch 59 of thepolarized relay is connected to earth, and operates between contacts 60 and 61. The switch'norinallyfrests against the contact 60 which is connected through the'coil of the electromagnet GQ'wi'th a sourceof positive potential. The contact 61 is connected withithe negative-terminal of a local battery66 thelpositive terminal of which is connected-with the. fourthcontact head 28.Aseco11d coil 68 of the polarized relay is connected through one-terminal with the contact screw-4L8, the other terminal being connectedto earth-.; The-arm 47 ofthe leverfiLis connected with a source of positive potential.

lnthe apparatus providechwithjthe synchronizing:mechanism {for the operationhot thismechanism the block 57 is connected to the positive side of,;the coil 56' ofithe polarized-relay,v and the block 58 is con- .nected through the coil .ofqthe electromagnet 13 to earth; The arn'iature 11 ofthis magnet, which is adapted to engage the. arm 10 of the shaft12, is connected with a source of positive potential; andcarries an arm: 11

which, in thelifted or attracted positionof the arn'iature .11, engages a contactfi? connected to the positive terminal of the other coil 68 of the polarizedrelay.

In. considering 1 theoperation of the apparatus it is convenient to assume that the required transmitting-key 29 of the ap. paratus from; which. the message is to be transmitted, is depressed at a moment when the select-or,..arm 8 rotating in a,-counter clock-wise directiom has not yeti-cached the block Q-l orthelblock 57 as thecase maybe. If the selector arm 8 .of the;receiving;.apparatus with the synchronizing mechanism is in advance of theselector arm. 8 of the transmitting. apparatus, when it reaches the block57 the arm 10 of the shaft 2 will be arrested by the arm 11 and the shaftQ will be brought to rest, the. drivingmember 1 continuing to rotate upon the shattand .slidingfagainst the. collar on the shaft under the action of the spring 3. lVhen the selector arm 8 of. they transmitting apparatus reaches thezblock 24; of the distributer and the. selectonarms are thus in identicalpositions, current passes'from thebattery 2& (Fig- 2) through 18,8, 59 60 tothe screw contact 15. and arm ll ofthe lever 31 to the line conductor 7 0. At the receiving apparatus the current passes through theline 7 O,

'arml, screw contact 45, lead and switch 60 to the selectorearm8 to-"thelolock 57 and thence to the relay coil 5G,.and the switch-358: toeartlr- The relay will thus cause thearmature 59 to swing over brealcing the circuit of the electro-magnet .62 so that the switches 58 and 6O pass respectively'to the contacts 64-, and 63, breakingthe circuitof the relay coil 56 and connectingthe line conductor to.earth or a source of negative potential througlrthe switch 65, forthe discharge of the line conductor. When the armature 59-swingsover to the contact 61 the circuit of thebattery 66 is completed through .the tourtlr contact head 28, the brushes 22, 2-1, ,the block 58, the gcoil l of the; mag-net13 to earth. 1 The armature 11 is thus lifted to-release the arm 10 so .that the-selector; arm 8 lSs again; driven, by the action of. the driving membera 1, andin synchronism; with the selector; arm of the other itpllttlallllS. The movement of the-arm 11: closes the, circuit! through the contact 67 to the coil (38- of thearelay to earth. The armature 59.:is thus at: once, oscillated-back into contact with th'econtact 60' toreinstate the, voriginal comaections; In -the-. meantime at; the other-,a1; paratus the selector-warm; 8 will. have passed to the bloc1n23. whereby th'e line conductornwill be connected to earth or to the source of negative potential for the discharge otthe lineconducton. hen. the SGlGCtO1,ZtI'1l1 8 of the transmittingapparatus reaches the block 15 correspondingrto the depressed transmitting key 29,. a current :passes from the contact56 to-the block 15 and thence by way ottheselector arm 8 asbeiore to theconductor;line.. At thet'ar. end iti'ollows the same course asbefore from thearm ll to theselector arm 8, and thence through the block 15 to the transn'littingkey29 :corresponding to thatof thedepressedlzey of the transmitting apparatus. It then passes by way of the armSl and contact 55to the relay coil56 and thence to'earth. [The relay armature 59 ,isv thus operated .as. before to cut the circuit ottheelectro-niagnet 62 and to close the local battery circuit. Current from the battery (56 then passes by wayv of the fourth contacthead 28, and. the brushes 22 and 21 to the contact head 17 and thus to b the contact screw 50 and byway of the arm -5L9 to the coil ,of the polarized electromagnet 52 and to earth. The elect-ro-magnet 52 releases the leverlSl which flies upward for the impression of the type on the strip ,1

material passing over theimpression roller 40. i

In efi'ectingth'e upward movement the lever 31 throws the arm l4: into contact with the screw-contacted the arm 47 into contact with thescrew-contact 48, and the arm 49 into contact with the screw-contact 51. As the result the arm a l puts the line into connection with the, switch 53 for the discharge of the, line conductor, the arm .17.

closes thecircuit through the contact 18 and blocks are electrically connected the, block: 16 is at thesarne potential 'as the block 15,

screw-contact 50, the arm 49 and theelectrjomagnet 52 to earth The lever 31 i'sztherefore released and an impression, of the, letter or sign transmltted 1s thus made simultaneously at the transmitting station; and serves for the purpose of verification and checking;

The movement of the lever 31 serves to discharge the line conductor by connecting it with the switch 53 and serves to connect the coil of the electro-magnet 52 with the source of negative potential through the screw contact 51 for the purpose of causing the elec tro-magnet to return the lever 31 to its initial position.

The purpose of mounting the second and third contact heads so that they may be dis placed relatively to the first contact head is to allow for the retardation due to the electrical inertia or the electro-static charging and self-induction of the line conductor which will vary according to the conditions of each particular line.

The rapidity with which the lever 31-is operated permits the line conductor to be discharged during the time that the selector arm takes to pass from one block to another of the distributer, the operation of the apparatus being sufliciently rapid to allow as many as fourteen signals to be transmitted;

or received during one revolution of the type wheel. 7

It will be. understood that the invention is not limited to the use of the'electrical connections and devices precisely as hereinbefore described as it is clear that these, may be varied without departing from the invention.

I claim V t I 1. A telegraphic printing apparatus serving for the transmission and reception of messages for signals, comprising a lever and means cooperating therewith for effecting its oscillation to effect the printingimpression, the forward end intermittent feed of the strip material upon which the impression is made and the discharge of the line conductor after the transmission of each sign or letter, substantially as described.

2. A telegraphic printing apparatus serving for the transmission and reception of messages or signals, comprising a lever formed as the armature of an electro-mag net, said lever having a number of contact arms one of which serves for discharging the line conductor afterv each transmission of a sign or letter, a spring under the action of which said lever is constantly subjected and an electro-magnet adapted to attract the said lever in'a direction contrary to the action of the sa d pr n ubs y d s r bed 3..A' telegraphic printing apparatus serv ing for the; transmission and .receptionlof-v messages or. signals, comprising a spr ng; operatedv lever rormedas. the armature of,

angelectromagnet having a number of-contact arms one of which serves for discharg-- ing the line conductor af-ter each transmission of; :a ,.sign or letter, a second lever mounted upon the first and adapted to carry an nnpressi onroller for :efi'ecting' the print which the impression is made, substantially as described, a

41. A telegraphic printing apparatus serving for the transmission and reception of messages orsignals, comprising a springoperated lever formed as the armature of an electro-magnet, said lever having a numberof cont-act arms one of which serves for discharging the line conductor after each transmission of a sign or letter, a second spring-operated lever mounted upon the first referred to and carrying an impression roller for effecting the printing impression and the forward end intermittent feed of the strip material upon which the impression is made and a spring under the action of which the second lever referred to lies, substantially as described.

5. A telegraphic printing apparatus serv' ing for the transmission and reception of messages or signals, comprising a lever formed as the armature of an electromagnet, said lever having a number of contact arms one of which serves for discharging the line conductor after each transmission of a sign or letter, a spring under .ingi-impr'ession and the forward end interinittent feed of the stripmaterial upon,

the action of which said lever is constantly subjected andan electro-magnet adapted to attract the said lever in a direction contrary to the action of the said spring, and means for the adjustment of the tension of said spring, substantially as described.

6. A telegraphic printing apparatus serving for the transmission and reception of messages or signals, comprising a lever formed as the armature of an electro-magnet, said lever having a number of contact arms one of which serves for discharging the line conductor after each transmission of a sign or letter, a spring under the action of which said lever is constantly subjected, an

electro-magnet adapted to attract the said lever in a direction contrary to the action of the said spring, and means to effect impressions of the letter or sign transmitted at the transmitting'and receiving stations simultaneously notwithstanding the retardation due to electro-static charging and the self-induction 'of the line, substantially as described.

7. A telegraphic printing apparatus serving for the transmission and reception of m es n $r prising a lever sion of asign or letter, a spring under the action of which said lever is constantly subjected, an electro-magnet adapted to attract the said lever in a direction contrary to the action of the 'said spi'iflg; 'andfiiiems Whefebyf-he mechanisms o'fthetrzm'smitting 10 and "reeeiving apparatus: are" synchroliized au to'matically, 1s'ubstantia11y "its des ibed.

' Witnesses:

W LLIAM EDWAR EVANS, SAMUEL GREENB'ERG.

'" Copies of this patezfli may be detained for five cent; each;'by ddressihg the Cbxhmissiofier of menu,

7 Washington; D. G." V r 

